Std 6 th Mathematics- 13. Profit - Loss

Question 1:

The cost price and selling price are given in the following table .Find out whether there was a profit  or a loss and how much it was .
 

Ex.	Cost Price (in Rs)	Selling Price    ( in Rs)	Profit or Loss	How Much ?
1.	4500	5000
2.	4100	4090
3.	700	799
4.	1000	920

 

Answer 1:

1. Cost price = Rs 4500; Selling price = Rs 5000
Here selling price is more than cost price, so there is a profit.
Profit = Selling price − Cost price
= 5000 − 4500
= Rs 500
Hence, there is a profit of Rs 500.

2. Cost price = Rs 4100; Selling price = Rs 4090
Here selling price is less than cost price, so there is a loss.
Loss = Cost price − Selling price
= 4100 − 4090
= Rs 10
Hence, there is a loss of Rs 10.

3. Cost price = Rs 700; Selling price = Rs 799
Here selling price is more than cost price, so there is a profit.
Profit = Selling price − Cost price
= 799 − 700
= Rs 99
Hence, there is a profit of Rs 99.

4. Cost price = Rs 1000; Selling price = Rs 920
Here selling price is less than cost price, so there is a loss.
Loss = Cost price − Selling price
= 1000 − 920
= Rs 80
Hence, there is a loss of Rs 80.

The complete table is shown below.
 

Ex.	Cost Price (in Rs)	Selling Price    ( in Rs)	Profit or Loss	How Much ?
1.	4500	5000	Profit	Rs 500
2.	4100	4090	Loss	Rs 10
3.	700	799	Profit	Rs 99
4.	1000	920	Loss	Rs 80

Question 2:

A shopkeeper bought a bicycle for Rs 3000 and sold the same for Rs 3400. How much was his profit ?

Answer 2:

Cost price of bicycle = Rs 3000
Selling price of bicycle = Rs 3400
Since selling price > cost price, so there is a profit.
Profit = Selling price − Cost price
= 3400 − 3000
= Rs 400
∴ The shopkeeper made a profit of Rs 400 in this transaction.

Question 3:

Sunandabai bought milk for Rs 475. She converted it into yoghurt and sold it for Rs 700. How much profit did she make?

Answer 3:

Cost price = Rs 475; Selling price = Rs 700
Since selling price is more than cost price, so there is a profit.
Profit = Selling price − Cost price
= 700 − 475
= Rs 225
∴ Sunandabai made a profit of Rs 225 in this transaction.

Question 4:

The Jijamata Women’s Saving Group bought raw materials worth Rs 15000 for making chakalis. They sold the chakalis for 22050 rupees. How much profit did the WSG make?

Answer 4:

Cost price of raw material for making chakalis = Rs 15000
Selling price of chakalis = Rs 22050
Since selling price is more than cost price, so there is a profit.
Profit = Selling price − Cost price
= 22050 − 15000
= Rs 7050
∴ WSG made a profit of Rs 7050 in this transaction.

Question 5:

Pramod bought 100 bunches of methi greens for Rs 400. In a sudden downpour, 30 of the bunches on his handcart got spoilt. He sold the rest at the rate of Rs 5 each. Did he make a profit or a loss? How much?

Answer 5:

Cost price of 100 bunches of methi greens = Rs 400
Number of bunches of methi greens spoilt = 30
∴ Number of bunches left = 100 − 30 = 70
Selling price of 1 bunch of methi greens = Rs 5
So, selling price of 70 bunches of methi greens = 5 × 70 = Rs 350
Since selling price is less than cost price, so there is a loss.
Loss = Cost price − Selling price
= 400 − 350
= Rs 50
Hence, Pramod suffered a loss of Rs 50 in this transaction.

Question 6:

Sharad bought one quintal of onions for Rs 2000. Later he sold them all at the rate of Rs 18 per kg. Did he make a profit or incur a loss? How much was it? 

Answer 6:

Cost price of 1 quintal of onions = Rs 2000
We know that, 1 quintal = 100 kg.
Selling price of 1 kg of onions = Rs 18
∴ Selling price of 100 kg (or 1 quintal) of onions = 18 × 100 = Rs 1800
Since selling price is less than cost price, so there is a loss.
Loss = Cost price − Selling price
= 2000 − 1800
= Rs 200
Hence, Sharad incurred a loss of Rs 200 in this transaction.
 

Question 7:

Kantabai bought 25 saris from a wholesale merchant for Rs 10000 and sold them all at Rs 460 each. How much profit did Kantabai get in this transaction?

Answer 7:

Cost price of 25 saris = Rs 10000
Selling price of 1 sari = Rs 460
∴ Selling price of 25 saris = 25 × 460 = Rs 11500
Since selling price is more than cost price, so there is a profit.
Profit = Selling price − Cost price
= 11500 − 10000
= Rs 1500
Hence, Kantabai made a profit of Rs 1500 in this transaction.

Question 1:

From a wholesaler, Santosh bought 400 eggs for Rs 1500 and spent Rs 300 on transport. 50 eggs fell down and broke. He sold the rest at Rs 5 each. Did he make a profit or a loss? How much?

Answer 1:

Cost price of 400 eggs = Rs 1500
Money spent on transport = Rs 300
Total cost price = cost of 400 eggs + Transport charges
= 1500 + 300
= Rs 1800
Number of eggs broken = 50
∴ Number of remaining eggs = 400 − 50 = 350
Selling price of 1 egg = Rs 5
∴ Selling price of 350 eggs = 5 × 350 = Rs 1750
That is, total selling price = Rs 1750
Since total selling price is less than total cost price, so there is a loss.
Loss = Total cost price − Total selling price
= 1800 − 1750
= Rs 50
∴ Santosh suffered a loss of Rs 50 in this transaction.

Question 2:

Abraham bought goods worth Rs 50000 and spent Rs 7000 on transport and octroi. If he sold the goods for Rs 65000, did he make a profit or a loss? How much?

Answer 2:

Cost price of the goods = Rs 50000
Money spent on transport and octroi = Rs 7000
Total expenses while buying goods = cost of goods + money spent on transport and octroi
= 50000 + 7000
= Rs 57000
That is, total cost price = Rs 57000
Selling price of the goods = Rs 65000
Since selling price is more than cost price, so there is a profit.
Profit = Selling price − Total cost price
= 65000 − 57000
= Rs 8000
∴ Abraham made a profit of Rs 8000 in this transaction.

Question 3:

Ajit Kaur bought a 50 kg sack of sugar for Rs 1750, but as sugar prices fell she had to sell it at Rs 32 per kg. How much loss did she incur?

Answer 3:

Cost price of 50 kg of sugar = Rs 1750
Selling price of 1 kg of sugar = Rs 32
∴ Selling price of 50 kg of sugar = 50 × 32 = Rs 1600
Since selling price is less than cost price, so there is a loss.
Loss = Cost Price − Selling Price
= 1750 − 1600
= Rs 150
∴ Ajit Kaur incurred a loss of Rs 150 in this transaction.

Question 4:

Kusumtai bought 80 cookers at Rs 700 each. Transport cost her Rs 1280. If she wants a profit of Rs 18000, what should be the selling price per cooker?

Answer 4:

Cost price of 1 cooker = Rs 700
∴ Cost price of 80 cookers = 80 × 700 = Rs 56000
Money spent on transport = Rs 1280
Total cost price = cost of 80 cookers + money spent on transport
= 56000 + 1280
= Rs 57280
Kusumtai wants a profit of Rs 18000.
∴ Selling price of 80 cookers = Profit + Total cost price
= 18000 + 57280
= Rs 75280
∴ Selling price of 1 cooker = 75280 ÷ 80 = Rs 941

Hence, Kusumtai should sell every cooker for Rs 941.

Question 5:

Indrajit bought 10 refrigerators at Rs 12000 each and spent Rs 5000 on transport. For how much should he sell each refrigerator in order to make a profit of Rs 20000?

Answer 5:

Cost price of 1 refrigerator = Rs 12000
∴ Cost price of 10 refrigerators = 10 × 12000 = Rs 120000
Money spent on transport = Rs 5000
Total cost price = cost of 10 refrigerators + transport charges
= 120000 + 5000
= Rs 125000
Indrajit wants a profit of Rs 20000.
∴ Selling price of 10 refrigerators = Profit + Total cost price
= 20000 + 125000
= Rs 145000
∴ Selling price of 1 refrigerator = 145000 ÷ 10 = Rs 14500

Hence, Indrajit should sell every refrigerator for Rs 14500.

Question 6:

Lalitabai sowed seeds worth Rs 13700 in her field. She had to spend Rs 5300 on fertilizers and spraying pesticides and Rs 7160 on labour. If, on selling her produce, she earned Rs 35400 what was her profit or her loss?

Answer 6:

Cost price of seeds = Rs 13700
Money spent on fertilizers = Rs 5300
Money spent on labour = Rs 7160
Total expenses = Cost of seeds + money spent on fertilizers + labour charges
= 13700 + 5300 + 7160
= Rs 26160
That is, total cost price is Rs 26160.
Selling price of the produce = Rs 35400
Since selling price is more than total cost price, so there is a profit.
Profit = Selling price − total cost price
= 35400 − 26160
= Rs 9240
∴ Lalitabai made a profit of Rs 9240 in this transaction.

Question 1:

Maganlal bought trousers for Rs 400 and a shirt for Rs 200 and sold them for Rs 448 and Rs 250 respectively. Which of these transactions was more profitable?

Answer 1:

Cost price of trousers = Rs 400
Selling price of trousers = Rs 448
Since selling price of trousers is more than cost price of trousers, so there is a profit.
Profit = Selling price − Cost price
= 448 − 400
= Rs 48
Cost price of a shirt = Rs 200
Selling price of a shirt = Rs 250
Since selling price of a shirt is more than cost price of a shirt, so there is a profit.
Profit = Selling price − Cost price
= 250 − 200
= Rs 50
Let x% be the profit on selling trousers and y% be the profit on selling a shirt. Then,
$\frac{x}{100}=\frac{\mathrm{profit}}{\mathrm{cost}\mathrm{price}}=\frac{48}{400}$ and $\frac{y}{100}=\frac{\mathrm{profit}}{\mathrm{cost}\mathrm{price}}=\frac{50}{200}$
⇒$\frac{x}{100}\times 100=\frac{48}{400}\times 100$ and $\frac{y}{100}\times 100=\frac{50}{200}\times 100$
⇒x = 12 and y = 25
So, Maganlal made a profit of 12% on trousers and 25% on a shirt.
Hence, transaction with the shirt was more profitable.

Question 2:

Ramrao bought a cupboard for Rs 4500 and sold it for Rs 4950. Shamrao bought a sewing machine for Rs 3500 and sold it for Rs 3920. Whose transaction was more profitable?

Answer 2:

Cost price of a cupboard = Rs 4500
Selling price of a cupboard = Rs 4950
Since selling price is more than cost price, so there is a profit.
Profit = Selling Price − Cost Price
= 4950 − 4500
= Rs 450
So, Ramrao made a profit of Rs 450 in this transaction.
Cost price of a sewing machine = Rs 3500
Selling price of a sewing machine = Rs 3920
Since selling price is more than cost price, so there is a profit.
Profit = Selling Price − Cost Price
= 3920 − 3500
= Rs 420
So, Shamrao made a profit of Rs 420 in this transaction.
Let x% be the Ramrao's profit and y% be the Shamrao's profit. Then,
$\frac{x}{100}=\frac{\mathrm{profit}}{\mathrm{cost}\mathrm{price}}=\frac{450}{4500}$ and $\frac{y}{100}=\frac{\mathrm{profit}}{\mathrm{cost}\mathrm{price}}=\frac{420}{3500}$
⇒$\frac{x}{100}\times 100=\frac{450}{4500}\times 100$ and $\frac{y}{100}\times 100=\frac{420}{3500}\times 100$
⇒x = 10 and y = 12
So, Ramrao made a profit of 10% on a cupboard and Shamrao made a profit of 12% on a sewing machine.
∴ Shamrao's transaction was more profitable.

Question 3:

Hanif bought one box of 50 apples for Rs 400. He sold all the apples at the rate of Rs 10 each. Was there a profit or a loss? What was its percentage?

Answer 3:

Cost price of 50 apples = Rs 400
Selling price of 1 apple = Rs 10
∴ Selling price of 50 apples = 50 × 10 = Rs 500
Since selling price is more than cost price, so there is a profit.
Profit = Selling Price − Cost Price
= 500 − 400
= Rs 100
Let x% be the Hanif's profit. Then,
$\frac{x}{100}=\frac{\mathrm{profit}}{\mathrm{cost}\mathrm{price}}=\frac{100}{400}$
⇒$\frac{x}{100}\times 100=\frac{100}{400}\times 100$
⇒x = 25
∴ Hanif made 25% profit in this transaction.

Question 1:

Using the figures given below, frame problems based on profit percent or loss percent 
Cost price Rs1600, selling price Rs 2800

Answer 1:

Problem : A man bought an article for Rs 1600 and sold it for Rs 2800. Find his profit percent.

Solution : Cost price of an article = Rs 1600
Selling price of an article = Rs 2800
Since selling price is more than cost price, so there is a profit.
Profit = Selling Price − Cost Price
= 2800 − 1600
= Rs 1200
Let x% be the profit made by the man in this transaction. Then,
$\frac{x}{100}=\frac{\mathrm{profit}}{\cos t\mathrm{price}}=\frac{1200}{1600}$
⇒$\frac{x}{100}\times 100=\frac{1200}{1600}\times 100$
⇒x = 75
∴ The man made a profit of 75% in this transaction.

Question 2:

Using the figures given below, frame problems based on profit percent or loss percent 
​Cost price Rs 2000, selling price Rs 1900

Answer 2:

Problem : Avinash bought a mobile phone for Rs 2000 and sold the same for Rs 1900. Find his loss percent.

Solution : Cost price of mobile phone = Rs 2000
Selling price of mobile phone = Rs 1900
Since selling price is less than cost price, so there is a loss.
Loss = Cost Price − Selling price
= 2000 − 1900
= Rs 100
Let x% be the loss suffered by Avinash. Then,
$\frac{x}{100}=\frac{\mathrm{loss}}{\cos t\mathrm{price}}=\frac{100}{2000}$
⇒$\frac{x}{100}\times 100=\frac{100}{2000}\times 100$
⇒x = 5
∴ Avinash suffered a loss of 5% in this transaction.

Question 3:

Using the figures given below, frame problems based on profit percent or loss percent 
​Cost price of 8 articles is Rs 1200 each, selling price Rs 1400 each.

Answer 3:

Problem : Madanlal bought 8 almirahs each at Rs 1200 and sold them all at Rs 1400 each. What was the percentage of his profit or loss ?

Solution : Cost price of 1 almirah = Rs 1200
∴ Cost price of 8 almirahs = 8 × 1200 = Rs 9600
Selling price of 1 almirah = Rs 1400
∴ Selling price of 8 almirahs = 8 × 1400 = Rs 11200
Since selling price is more than cost price, then there is a profit.
Profit = Selling Price − Cost Price
= 11200 − 9600
= Rs 1600
Let x% be the Madanlal's profit in this transaction. Then, 
$\frac{x}{100}=\frac{\mathrm{profit}}{\cos t\mathrm{price}}=\frac{1600}{9600}$
⇒$\frac{x}{100}\times 100=\frac{1600}{9600}\times 100$
⇒x = $\frac{50}{3}=16\frac{2}{3}$
∴ Madanlal made a profit of $16\frac{2}{3}$% in this transaction.

Question 4:

Using the figures given below, frame problems based on profit percent or loss percent 
​Cost price  of 50 Kg grain Rs 2000, selling price Rs 43 per kg.

Answer 4:

Problem : Amit bought 50 kg of rice for Rs 2000. Later he sold them all at the rate of Rs 43 per kg. Did he make a profit or a loss ? What was its percentage ?

Solution : Cost price of 50 kg of rice = Rs 2000
Selling price of 1 kg of rice = Rs 43
∴ Selling price of 50 kg of rice = 50 × 43 = Rs 2150
Since selling price is more than cots price, so there is a profit.
Profit = Selling Price − Cost Price
= 2150 − 2000
= Rs 150
So, Amit made a profit of Rs 150 in this transaction.
Let x% be the Amit's profit, then,
$\frac{x}{100}=\frac{\mathrm{profit}}{\cos t\mathrm{price}}=\frac{150}{2000}$
⇒$\frac{x}{100}\times 100=\frac{150}{2000}\times 100$
⇒x = $\frac{15}{2}$ = $7\frac{1}{2}$
∴ Amit made a profit of $7\frac{1}{2}$% in this transaction.

Question 5:

Using the figures given below, frame problems based on profit percent or loss percent 
​Cost price Rs 8600,  transport charges Rs 250, porterage Rs 150, selling price Rs 10000

Answer 5:

Problem : Vinay bought a machine from a factory for Rs 8600. He spent Rs 250 on transport and Rs 150 on porterage. If he sold it to a customer for Rs 10000, what was his profit percent or loss percent?

Solution : Cost price of machine = Rs 8600
Money spent on transport = Rs 250
Money spent on porterage = Rs 150
Total expenses = cost of machine + transport charges + porterage charges
= 8600 + 250 + 150
= Rs 9000
That is, total cost price = Rs 9000
Selling price of the machine = Rs 10000
Since selling price is more than total cost price, so there is a profit.
Profit = Selling price − total cost price
= 10000 − 9000
= Rs 1000
Let x% be the Vinay's profit in this transaction. Then,
$\frac{x}{100}=\frac{\mathrm{profit}}{\mathrm{total}\mathrm{cost}\mathrm{price}}=\frac{1000}{9000}$
⇒$\frac{x}{100}\times 100=\frac{1000}{9000}\times 100$
⇒x = $\frac{100}{9}$ = $11\frac{1}{9}$
∴ Vinay made a profit of $11\frac{1}{9}$ % in this transaction.

Question 6:

Seeds worth Rs 20500, labour Rs 9700 , chemicals and fertilizers Rs 5600, selling price Rs 28640.

Answer 6:

Problem : A farmer purchased some seeds worth Rs 20500 for his field. He paid Rs 9700 on labour besides Rs 5600 on chemicals and fertilizers. If the selling price of his produce worth Rs 28640, what was the percentage of his profit or loss?

Solution : Cost price of seeds = Rs 20500
Money spent on labour = Rs 9700
Money spent on chemicals and fertilizers = Rs 5600
Total expenses = cost of seeds + labour charges + money spent on chemicals and fertilizers
= 20500 + 9700 + 5600
= Rs 35800
That is, total cost price is Rs 35800.
Selling price of the produce = Rs 28640
Since selling price is less than the total cost price, so there is a loss.
Loss = Total cost price − selling price
= 35800 − 28640
= Rs 7160
Let x% be the farmer's loss. Then,
$\frac{x}{100}=\frac{\mathrm{loss}}{\mathrm{Total}\mathrm{cost}\mathrm{price}}$
⇒$\frac{x}{100}=\frac{7160}{35800}$
⇒$\frac{x}{100}\times 100=\frac{7160}{35800}\times 100$
⇒ x = 20
∴ The farmer suffered a loss of 20% in this transaction.